First We Analyze

 

Analysis is the first stage, or goal-setting stage, in the ADDIE model of instructional design. In this stage, the instructional designer (ID) will investigate a course or training program to determine if any changes are needed and what the outcomes of the changes should be. This is also the stage where the learners are analyzed to determine their current level of knowledge and skill. This analysis of the learners will help ensure they are not being presented instruction on something they already know, and the course can then focus on what they need to learn (Kurt, 2018). 

The table below shows seven questions that should be addressed in the Analysis phase to set the groundwork for the rest of the stages in the ADDIE model (Covello & Ritzhaupt, 2017). A review of the text and documents in the course will help address these questions (Kurt, 2018). 

Critical components of this stage that will help you answer the questions above include a needs assessment, learner analysis, context assessment, and task analysis. 

Needs Assessment 

A needs assessment is a tool used to determine the target audience’s level of knowledge, skill, or ability in the areas the course addresses. These are then compared to an established standard. This analysis can uncover whether the course addresses the needs of the learner (Conduct training needs assessment - SHRM). 

Learner Analysis 

This tool will analyze the target audience to determine their “relevant attributes” to the course goals. Some of these attributes include existing knowledge or skills, motivation, demographic information, cultural and social characteristics, barriers such as disabilities and language, and similarities of the various learners (Covello & Ritzhaupt, 2017). 

Context Assessment

A context assessment will evaluate the environment of the course to ensure it will promote learner success. This analysis includes timeliness, when is it needed and how long should it be; the environment where will the course be held; and transfer, the application of learned content in practical application (Covello & Ritzhaupt, 2017). 

Task Analysis 

Task analysis will evaluate how tasks are performed according to the instruction. Analyzing a task helps identify physical and mental requirements to complete the task, prior knowledge required, and how the learner will identify errors (Covello & Ritzhaupt, 2017). 

Gathering Data

Data can be gathered in various ways including analyzing existing data, observation, focus groups, and tests (Covello & Ritzhaupt, 2017). Each method provides valuable information to help the ID complete a needs analysis to determine the direction the rest of the ADDIE phases will take. 

The Analyze phase of the ADDIE model is the cornerstone of the ADDIE process. The results of the processes in this phase will determine the direction the design will take. A throughout analysis of the project will help ensure the course will meet the goals of the learner.